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Roth 401(k) Conversion Calculator Definitions

Please note the following important information regarding any Roth conversion

  • You must pay ordinary income tax on the amount converted (specifically, on pre-tax contributions and investment gains).
  • If you pay the taxes using money from the pre-tax 401(k), you will lose the potential benefits of tax-free growth on that amount.
  • If you are under age 59 1/2, you may be subject to a 10% federal tax penalty if you withdraw money from your pre-tax 401(k) to pay the tax on the conversion. You may also have to pay state tax penalties.
  • Pre-tax 401(k) contributions may be tax-deductible while Roth 401(k) contributions are not.
  • After conversion in order to take any distributions that include earnings that are tax free, the Roth 401(k) must be opened for 5 tax years. Eligible tax-free distributions include those taken for death or disability, after age 59-1/2, or for a first-time home purchase.

Amount to convert

Amount to convert from a Pre-tax 401(k) account to a Roth 401(k). The tool assumes that you are paying any taxes owed with funds that you have available outside of the account you are converting.

Edad actual

Current age. This age must be less than 70. Since this calculator does not take Required Minimum Distributions (RMD) into account, which begin at age 75 (or 70 1/2 if you were born before 7/1/1949, 72 if you were born 7/1/1949 to 12/31/1951, 73 if you were born 1/1/1951 to 1/1/1960), it is not designed for individuals that are currently required to begin making these distributions.

Edad de jubilación

Desired age at retirement.

Tasa de retorno

The annual rate of return for your 401(k). This calculator assumes that your return is compounded annually. La tasa de rendimiento real depende en gran medida de los tipos de inversiones que elija. El índice Standard & Poor's 500® (S&P 500®) durante los últimos 10 años que finalizaron el 31 de diciembre de 2025, tuvo una tasa de rendimiento compuesta anual de 14.8 %, con la reinversión de dividendos. Desde el 1 de enero de 1970 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2025, la tasa de rendimiento compuesta anual promedio del S&P 500®, con la reinversión de dividendos, fue aproximadamente del 11.3 % (fuente: www.spglobal.com). Desde 1970, el rendimiento más alto a 12 meses fue del 61 % (desde junio de 1982 hasta junio de 1983). El rendimiento más bajo a 12 meses fue del -43 % (desde marzo de 2008 hasta marzo de 2009). Las cuentas de ahorro en una institución financiera pagan menos, pero conllevan un riesgo significativamente menor de pérdida de saldos de capital.

Es fundamental tener en cuenta que estos escenarios son meramente hipotéticos y que las tasas de rendimiento futuras no pueden preverse con certeza. Además, las inversiones que ofrecen tasas de rendimiento más altas suelen estar expuestas a un mayor riesgo y volatilidad. La tasa real de rendimiento de las inversiones puede variar significativamente con el tiempo, en especial en las inversiones a largo plazo. También puede implicar la posible pérdida de capital invertido. No es posible invertir directamente en un índice y la tasa de rendimiento compuesta mencionada anteriormente no incluye los cargos por ventas ni otras tarifas que imponen los fondos de inversión o las empresas de inversión.

Tasa impositiva actual

Current marginal income tax rate that will apply to conversion amount. Please note that the marginal tax rate for your conversion may be higher than your current marginal tax rate if the conversion moves your AGI into a higher income tax bracket. It is also possible, especially on very large conversions, that part of your conversion be subject to more than one tax rate. **TAXTABLE_CURRENT_DEFINITION**

Tax rate at retirement

Expected marginal income tax rate at retirement.

Investment tax rate

Expected marginal tax rate (base this on expected capital gains rate) for investments. This calculator assumes that you invest the amount that you would have had to pay in taxes in a taxable investment account. The investment tax rate is used for calculating the annual return on these taxable investments. For many, this will be the same as their income tax rate. If you expect your non-401(k) investments to be primarily from long-term capital gains or dividends.

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